Training Staff for Criminal Justice Essay Example for Free

Training Staff for Criminal Justice Essay The three key issues intricate with correctional staff are corruption, staff safety, gender and staffing. Correction officers are people that tried to become cops but failed. So their morals take a huge hit because they are upset about not being able to become a police officer. So it is easier for them to be corrupted because that’s their way of getting back at the system. Another way of corruption is by force and fear; maybe a prison gang is threatening the correctional officer family. Either way I believe that in order to prevent officers of becoming corrupted there should be more cameras and have a better ethics-training program. One effective management policies and procedures is to start a code of ethics program for correctional officers, a program that makes correctional officers comprehend the code of standards of morality since they are involved in greater demands than just being a decent person. They need to understand that without their morals people get hurt or even killed. Second key issue is staff safety there has been horrific situations were inmates murder correctional officers and thus people are afraid to work in prisons. While inmate populations go up, correctional officers are going down because the things you read and hear on the news. For example â€Å" (1) the savage murder of Correctional Officer Jose Rivera on June 20, 2008, by two prison inmates at the United States Penitentiary in Atwater, CA. ; (2) the brutal stabbing of a correctional officer on April 23, 2009, by a prison inmate at the United States Penitentiary in Terre Haute, IN. (3) the brutal stabbing of a correctional officer on November 1, 2009, by a prison inmate at the United States Penitentiary in Lewisburg, PA; and (4) the more than 350 vicious inmate-on-staff assaults that have occurred at various BOP institutions since the murder of Correctional Officer Rivera. † (By Joe Davidson,October 15, 2012) Correctional officers deal with murders, rapists, and mentally ill the refore their job can be very difficult. If failing to protect your staff, visitors and detainees then there can be major implications for your institute. Second effective management policies and procedures for recruiting and training are to set up an investigative committee to search for and punish instances of staff getting hurt. Internal policing should be balanced carefully. There should be more correctional officers at prisons that carry the most notorious criminals. Maybe have more K9s to help prevent attacks from inmates. The third key issues involved with correctional staff is gender and staffing. I don’t believe there should be females in male facilities because most girls love the attention and that’s unprofessional when its in male prisons. You hear on the news about female guards getting impregnated by inmates and that’s very immoral of them. These correctional officers should be in jail because these inmates are people that committed horrible crimes and is in prison to be punished! â€Å"Four female correction officers were impregnated by the reported leader of a Maryland prison gang, which used a network of female prison guards to help launder money, run drugs and smuggle contraband into state detention facilities, according to a federal indictment. (By RUSSELL GOLDMAN, April 24, 2013) These female guards were smuggling contraband and gifts for the black guerrilla family. If we had only male correctional officers in male prisons then there will be less temptation to giving in. Third effective management policies and procedures for recruiting is to watch officers tattoos, these female guards in MD that got pregnant from gang leader of the black guerrilla family had gotten tattooed â€Å"Tevon† on their bodies. Therefore we need to identify and monitor officers suspected of dishonesty. Officers with tattoos such as symbols of gangs on their wrists or necks may be indicating an affiliation or rank in a prison gang. Background checks on correctional officers also may be an effective way of uncovering gang ties and a history of unethical behavior. I think in order to have a good correctional officer you need to find one that’s not affiliated with gangs, try to find a candidate that has no history with gang activity. â€Å"Good officers come from a good environment. They enjoy supportive, two-parent families with siblings, quality education and at least a modicum of financial affluence. They are free of prejudice and abnormal training in arts that no human has any business practicing, such as torture and murder. They feel honest compassion for man, animals and our ecology. They are subject to guidance, oversight, quality control, censure, and feedback loops from moral individuals and real punishment for deliberate acts of abuse. They will know what it feels like to be abused. The scientific application of all these principals will make good corrections officers. †(James Bauhaus, what makes a good prison guard) Plan to Improve Correctional Facilities I believe need to help people stay out of the system. So many are in for minor offenses and come out ten times worse when they arrived inside. I’ve seen friends that came back more violent and more streets smart. So I think there should be a lot more programs and support from the government to help individuals to learn a profession so that they can have a chance to fly straight. â€Å"Once were in jail, theres no point sending us back out to do it all again. Incarceration is the punishment of someone that did something illegal; incarceration is to make someone change for the better. Youve got us locked up, so use the time to help us change. Dont turn out the same person who went in (or a worse person the party bag were sent away with usually includes a nice new line in bullying, violence, manipulation and drug use) because well carry on committing crime, as we dont know any other way to live. If prisons did nothing more than run effective drugs programs, the crime rate over the next five years would be slashed. We advocate therapy, talent recognition initiatives, training, education, and drug and alcohol programs. Some of these already exist, but there arent enough programs, and not enough of them work. In fact, a lot are expensive disasters. (Mark Johnson, The Guardian, 2008) One major target population is women in jail. Female inmates live in the same surroundings as men do however female inmates face more problems because I think they get more emotional then men do thus their issues start growing more and more eventually blowing up their anger amongst women inmates. Overall, the population of women in the criminal justice system is the fastest growing. Women in prison have gone up over twenty percent and over fifteen percent in probation. â€Å"The growth in the female incarcerated population was 2. 2 percent since 2,000. (Leonard Sipes, Statistics on Women Offenders) While the population of women in prison has been going up, there has not been a rise of women prisons. Women are more likely to be in a prison that is far away from their families. Which will hurt their family and even worse their children. With not a lot of contact with their children, I think stress levels get high among women in jail. When you put women into these situations then they look for an alternative to ease the pain and anger. That’s when drugs come into play. â€Å"In Maryland, half the women reported daily heroin use in the six months leading up to their arrest compared to lightly more than a third of men. Half the women reported daily cocaine use compared to 22 percent of men. † (Leonard Sipes, Statistics on Women Offenders) Our budget spending on facilities is ridiculous because the system is not doing what they are supposing so do. They don’t help rehabilitate inmates as much as they should. Pretty much we tax payers are not getting our moneys worth. â€Å"Ten years ago, the correctional healthcare market was $4. 5 billion in annual spending, with approximately 40% outsourced to private vendors. Today, the share of the mar ket served by outsourcing is growing alongside a rising inmate population. As a corollary, the rising costs of healthcare due to a graying correctional population and other factors have doubled the market to over $10 billion. † (Marc Baudry, 2012) There are three major keys to help issues in corrections†¦ the first one is education programs. EVERYONE knows education is very important to succeed in life. Therefore there should be more educational programs and it should be mandatory to attend. I know at first its going to be hard but once inmates get out the system and find a decent job then the word will spread and then inmates will take advantage of these programs. They should capitalize on inmates that have a family. â€Å"McElrath-Bey argues that investment can’t be limited to higher education. Though GED programs exist in most prisons, many inmates are still unable to take advantage. Typically, inmates who have financial support from the outside—from family or friends—are the ones who earn their degrees. Inmates with no help are forced to take prison work, to pay for the food, clothes and toiletries—like soap and toothpaste—that make life bearable inside prison walls. You can either go to school, or you can work to earn the basic necessities you need to survive. (Mathew Fleischer, 2013) Probation and parole is my second major key to help issues in corrections. Sometimes the probation officer gets burnt out and stops caring for inmates. I think there should be more contact and communication with the probation officer and parole. The inmate needs as much help as he can get so probation officers should do as much as he or she can to make sure that the offender does not return to prison. I know there are so many inmates that don’t care and end up coming back to prison but that still shouldn’t stop the probation officer from doing his or her job. My third one is a faith-based program. I’ve seen people change because of their new beliefs and I think that’s what most inmates need. A faith-based program is a good idea because it teaches inmates the way of believing something such as god or whatever religion. People sometimes don’t want to understand the ways of god but when you read and think about the sins you committed then you start to feel some remorse. I’ve seen this happen with two of my cousins. Both were in jail and while reading the bible it helped them understand their need to change for the better. One of them is out working at Sprint as a sales consultant doing very well for himself now. The other is still waiting for his trial in September. Whatever the outcome may be I believe with faith based programs it’ll turn inmates to a better person. One way to improve target population is better social skills for inmates. Prisons need a greater unity between warden, prisoners and staff. Also stop having a race thing. There should be a group of people that are different race put in each cell. Second way to improve population is stop the overcrowding. People that are on edge are more likely to blow up on someone when they are always around. Sometimes an inmate needs some space to try to deal with their issues. My third suggestion to improve target population is to upgrade the prisons and jails because some facilities are rundown and rotting so this could possibly present health and safety hazards for inmates. No one would like to live in poor conditions so its time to have a modernization in correctional facilities. I think with these ideas, inmate issues will decrees and that inmates frustration/problems will be resolved more quickly. Philosophy and Goals of Punishment and Reformation The goals of punishment and reformation are to rehabilitate people that commit crimes and to protect our citizens. History has taught us the nature of corrections, People need to be punished for their actions however sometimes there are some people that are sick and not know what they are doing. Times are changing so there are new tactics/programs to help criminals get back on their feet. â€Å"How criminals were punished and the methods behind the punishment changed throughout the times. Standards of punishment moved from banishment and fines to torture and blood feuds (Siegel Senna, 2005). A more organized system of punishment came forth with the formation of Common Law, which was brought over to the United States from England. With the development of a system, there was a move away from physical punishment toward methods more acceptably used yet today in the United States. † (Elizabeth Renter, 2008) With that said, there are three major challenges to corrections, using an evidence based approach can help determine the best way to deal with different offenders to attempt to achieve the different goals of the criminal justice system. Reformation is to make people fear being punished and to correct peoples behavior. Unfortunately you can go to jail for something minor like possession of drugs, traffic violations, and misdemeanor offences. The first major issue of discussion is prison and jail overcrowding. Numerous reports and television indicate that even down to the local city and county jail, overcrowding has affected the small town as well. The overcrowding of prisons and jails appears to be result of the growing number of offenders of petty crime, who ultimately end up incarcerated for short periods of time. It is hard on correction officers when they have to deal with a large number of population. The second major issue facing corrections is gangs. You always hear it from the guards and inmates that â€Å"numbers is power†. Gangs make it hard for an individual to come in and try to fly straight. Gangs will either make you suffer by selling you to other inmates or your going to have you do illegal actions that might add time to your original sentencing. They are very manipulative and real quick to kill anyone even officers just to make a point. Its all about money and power for prison gangs such as the Mexican Mafia, they make millions working the cartels and making their street gangs to move/sell drugs around the United Sates. There are lots of reasons why convicts go back to jail. They might have gotten use to being locked up and would rather stick to what they know because the real world can be scary, finding a decent job is very hard now, the digital age might be intimidating to the older criminals, and sometimes the system forces you back in. For example if you are from Florida and committed a crime in Virginia when you get out, you have to find a way back home. Sometimes you can’t leave the state till Florida reviews your case and allows you to come back. My third major issue is the increased imprisonment of crimes caused there to be a larger population in facilities, now more then ever there is more hazardous conditions for everyone because correctional officers have to deal with transmissible diseases in their facilities. One of the scariest things is dealing with prisoners with HIV and other catchable diseases. Not all of these individuals catch these diseases by sexual stuff but some of the offenders may have gotten it by sharing needles (drug use). This presents a situation where other prisoners and guards may be at risk for coming into contact with these sick people. My philosophy of corrections that includes using an evidence based approach is to not place every offender in the same category/cell as it would be very hard to deal with certain people that have the same offense. I just think that drug dealers should be all in one prison unless they committed other crimes like murder. White collard criminals should still be in the same prison with blue collard criminals. Blue collard criminals represent a more heinous level of crime however they both stole money even though one did it over the Internet and the other had a gun. Todays correctional policies appear to be unsuccessful in dealing with crime and offenders but in order to work towards a better system, research and development is necessary to understand how to correct these flaws and to build a more improve system for turning offenders into law abiding citizens. Rehabilitation and reformation are still a goal of punishment today in the United States but due to the reoffending criminals it is hard to believe it is possible to get a criminal to change their conduct. This method may work well with drug users that are ready to get clean. In conclusion corrections can be a challenging field today with obstacles in the way of finding the perfect method of dealing with crime and offenders. My philosophy of corrections using evidenced based approach is to limit the penalty for minor offenders. Have them work hard cleaning our country and building homes for poor families. This might reduce people in jail/prisons and improving the way that criminals live by not going for the easy cash. They will have learned a new skill before the leave. â€Å"The truth is, of course, that punishment practices of the recent past have, for the most part, been strikingly lenient. Thoughtful and considered public opinion is capable of recognizing when criminals are not receiving the punishments they deserve. † (Ronald Pestritto, 1996) Three goals of punishment and reformation, prison is an effective form of punishment for bad offenders such as killers and rapists. It serves a purpose to deter criminals from committing their crimes again as well as being a form of retributive justice for the victims. Second is a question, what is reformation? It is a goal of rehabilitation for many offenders, the goal for a prison to punish people instead of death. The loss of freedom to go anywhere, to drive, eat your avorite meal, and to see your friends and family. Third one is I believe a good prison should be an adequate retribution for the crime but also focus on rehabilitating the criminals that committed a minor offence such as steeling something small, people with small amounts of drugs, and young kids. The thing people need to know is that most of these folks in prison are eventually going to come out again. So we think its smart policy to try to change them while theyre locked up, so that when they return to society there will be fewer victims on the street. (Fox Butterfield, Inmate Rehabilitation Returns as Prison Goal, 2001)

Music Censorship :: essays research papers fc

Should Music be Censored? Once people hear about the United States they automatically relate the country to the word â€Å"freedom.† Little do they know that this country has many similarities to countries where censorship plays a major role in their daily lives, due to their government. One of the major issues that involve censorship within the United States is the question whether or not music should be censored; and how will parents or the government decide at what age it is appropriate to allow children to listen to music pertaining profanity? There are two sides to this issue; there are people who are for and there are those who are against censorship in music. At what point does action transcend from a matter of consumer choice to the matter of censorship? I think that the government and parents should not refrain their children from listening to different kinds of music, because once they do that, they deprive their children from knowing what’s happening in our society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People that are for the issue of censorship are usually from the older generation. These people consist of government officials that have children of their own. They believe that music pertaining profanity is one of the main factors for the problems that occur in our society. Such problems consist of an increase in violence and drug use amongst adolescents. An example was the incident that occurred at Columbine High School, where the media and others looked towards music as one of the causes for the incident. They feel that the music promotes sex, drugs, and violence. Critics believe that the children are not quite mature to listen to music with profanity in it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other side of the issue many people think , neither parent nor the government should censor the type of music their children listen to. â€Å"By withholding art it goes against the first amendment that deals with freedom of speech, stated as; Congress shall make no law representing an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or the press; or of the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and petition the Government for a redress of grievances (Graham).† Another reason why we should not have music censorship is because is that it makes people aware of what is going on in the world. It opens ideas, and brings a whole new meaning to â€Å"art†.

Of Mice and Men and the American Dream Essay

John Stienbeck’s novel â€Å"Of Mice and Men† is about the death of the American dream. George, Lennie and Candy’s dream is to own their own piece of land to work and live independently on. This dream is destroyed by Lennie’s ignorance and Lennie’s strength, which he cannot control. Curley’s wife’s dream is to be a famous Hollywood actress. Her dream is destroyed by her marriage to Curley and the Hollywood director who promised to contact her about her acting career but never has. Crook’s dream is for equality. Racism and the attitudes of others destroy this dream. Lennie and George’s dream is to own a piece of land to work and live where they can have cows, pigs, chicken a vegetable patch with alfalfa and rabbits. â€Å"O. K Someday – we’re going to get the jack together and we’re going to have a little house and a couple of acres and a cow and some pigs and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ‘An’ live off the fatal the land’ â€Å"We’ll have a big vegetable patch and a rabbit-hunch and chickens. And when it rains in the winter we’ll just say the hell with going’ to work, and we’ll build up the fire in the stove and set around it an’ listen to the rain coming’ down on the roof. (Steinbeck 1937:18) This quote illustrates the dream have about owning their own land and living independently on it, growing and harvesting their own crops in the vegetable patch, farming cows and goats for milk, pigs for ham and bacon and chickens for eggs. When Candy hears about this dream, he wants to become part of it by offering his saved money to fund the purchase of the piece of land and be able to work and live on the land with George and Lennie. George, Lennie and candy’s dream is destroyed by Lennie’s ignorance and Lennie’s ignorance of his own strength. When Lennie is in a stressful situation, like when he wanted to pat the girl’s dress and she screamed, Lennie panics and doesn’t know what to do. Lennie’s strength and ignorance ruins their dream when Lennie and Curley’s wife are talking in the barn. Curley’s wife invites Lennie to feel how soft her hair is. Lennie patted her hair very hard. Curley’s wife, not wanting her hair to be messed up, jerks her head away. Because Lennie is confused he grabs her hair and tries to make her stop yelling. But because Lennie does not know how to control his own strength, he squeezes Curley’s wife’s neck too hard and crushes her spine. Lennie then flees the ranch because Curley wants to kill him for what he did to his wife. So Lennie is not brutally murdered by Curley, George finds Lennie and, because he cannot get him out of trouble, shoots Lennie. Lennie’s uncontrollable strength and ignorance destroyed his, George and Candy’s dream Curley’s wife’s dream is to become a famous Hollywood actress. She dreams of fame, fortune, fancy clothes and large, expensive hotels. Curley’s wife is waiting for a Hollywood director to mail her about becoming an actress. This dream is destroyed by her marriage to Curley because once she is married she is not allowed to pursue an acting career because she has to look after the house, because Curley will not allow her to leave the ranch to become an actress. Her dream is also destroyed by a Hollywood director who believed she had the potential to become a film actress. Curley’s wife meets this director at a dance and he promises he would send her a letter about acting in one of his films, but she never gets the letter so she does not become an actress which is her dream. Her marriage to Curley and the Hollywood director who has not mailed her about her acting career destroys her dream. Crooks dream is to be equal. Because he is black, he is treated differently than others because of their racist attitudes. Crooks must not go in the bunkhouse so he has to sleep in the harness room. He is also abused by the boss of the ranch whenever the boss gets angry. Crooks dreams that he can be treated the same as everyone else, so he does not have to sleep in the harness room instead of the bunkhouse or by abused by another man. â€Å"And he gave the stable buck hell, too† â€Å"Give the stable buck hell? ’ he asked ‘Sure. Yak see the stable buck’s a nigger. † (Steinbeck 1937:22)This quote shows how Crooks is mistreated by the farm boss because he is a black man. The ranch boss thinks he can ill-treat and discriminate against Crooks because he is black. Crooks dream of becoming equal is destroyed by the racist attitudes of others The novel â€Å"Of Mice and Men† by John Steinbeck is about the death of the American dream. The dream of George, Lennie and Candy is to own their own piece of land to work and live on. Lennie’s ignorance and Lennie’s uncontrollable strength destroy this dream. Curley’s wife’s dream is to be a famous Hollywood actress. Her dream is destroyed by her marriage to Curley and the Hollywood director who promised to write to her about her acting career but never has. Crook’s dream is for equality. This dream is destroyed by racism and the attitudes of others.

Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven - 2600 Words

Poetry is said to be one of the world s most difficult forms of art. Many poets live throughout their lives and are never recognized for their achievements in their community. Edgar Allan Poe is one of the world s most renowned poets and wrote mainly in the form of poets and short stories. Some of Poe s most renown poems include The Raven, Annabel Lee. The poem The Raven deals with problems such as insanity and grief and the poem Annabel Lee deals with problems of grief and young love. Edgar Allan Poe wrote a lot about death and depression due to his own life being filled with death and depression. Poe’s life was quite strange and depressing in all but he managed to live through most of it without being seriously depressed which is surprising. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts. Edgar’s parents David Jr and Eliza Poe were both professional actors, died before Poe was even three (â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe† Poets.org). Poe was then raised as a foster child by John and Frances Allan in Richmond, Virginia. Poe s siblings William Henry Leonard and Rosaline Mackenzie were separated from Edgar before he was fostered by the Allans (â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe Biography† Biography.com). John Allan was a wealthy tobacco exporter and with his wealth sent Poe to the most elite boarding school in London, England. This extravagant spending on schooling quickly ended when poe attended The University of Virginia. Within the first year of poem attending The University ofShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven944 Words   |  4 Pagesto display the evils of humanity. Edgar Allan Poe, American Gothic poet, often wrote unsettling and dark poetry marrying the natural and supernatural in order to demonstrate difficult to grasp human emotions such as grief or depression. Poe’s The Raven is a powerful, yet dark piece of poetry that utilizes rhyme, meter, and symbolism to entertain fans of Gothic literature and completely pull them into the drama of the piece. In the opening stanzas of The Raven, Poe establishes the tone of the poemRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven2149 Words   |  9 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is considered one of the greatest literary writers, but he was highly under-appreciated during his time, Poe was constantly looked down upon and suffered a bad reputation due to rumors created by authors who disliked him. Poe was seen as arrogant, mad, and a melancholy man who had no friends and spent his time drinking and using drugs. Poe s success came when The Raven was published in 1845, â€Å"†¦though it made Poe popular in his day, it did not bring him significant financial successRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven Death. A strong topic, frequently but solemnly discussed. However, when I read Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Raven†, I was immediately captivated by the new angle brought to my attention regarding death. While the topic of death is usually associated with either sympathy or horror, Poe succeeded in portraying a feeling caught between the two; and at the same time bringing forth new feelings I would never thought to consider regarding death. These feelings reflectRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven1464 Words   |  6 Pagesstarts† Edgar Allan Poe one of America s best known poet, and author who became mad in the sense of insanity after his wife Virginia died of Tuberculous. This made Poe spiral into a deep depression which he wouldn’t be able to get himself out of because of the loss of his beloved Virginia. Poe had a very difficult, strange life, and a writing style like no one had ever seen before and that is what led him to be one of America’s mos t famous poets, and author. â€Å"The Raven† is what made Poe the wellRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven 1602 Words   |  7 PagesJadon Vanderslice. Ms. Glass English 1213 5 February 2017 Poe Edgar Allan Poe, arguably one of the best poets ever, has wrote many great and deep-meaning poems, such as â€Å"Annabel Lee,† and â€Å"Dream Within a Dream.† Both putting off a rather dark image and goth-like elements, a way of writing Poe loved best. Mostly known for â€Å"The Raven†, Poe’s Poems all have real deep and mysterious meanings that make people think a bit more to figure it out. The way he expressed terror, the suspense, the heighteningRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven1232 Words   |  5 Pages Edgar Allan Poe: The Raven Literature is a very powerful tool that is used to make a huge impact on society or in someone’s perspective. As complex as the world, literature can appear in many forms using unique vernacular that expresses human endeavors. In some cases, social reform is Transcendentalism is an American literary, philosophical movement, promoting the idea of independent progress. The central idea is the optimistic viewpoint of humanity. People, men and women equally, have knowledgeRead MoreAn Analysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven1954 Words   |  8 Pagesauthors, Edgar Allan Poe, Anne Bradstreet, and Emily Dickinson, had poems in which they explored the common theme of death. Their unique views on death, as reflected in their poems, tells us of the different ways people looked at death during their respective times. In this essay, I will explore and explain three poems of Edgar Allan Poe, and one from Anne Bradstreet and Emily Dickinson respectively, and then compare the differences between the three authors. In Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven, he usesRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven788 Words   |  4 Pages Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most successful writers of all time. Twelve of Poe’s works are known for their literary construction. The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous poems in history and was first published in 1845. This is a poem that many readers may describe as dark, twisted, and even scary can be oddly moving and eye catching. What were the meanings in his masterpiece, and what did Poe want his readers to understand? Poe’s literary work The Raven shows literary elementsRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe series of unfortunate events that Edgar Allan Poe experienced in his lifetime are what influenced his writing. His poetry heavily reflects the built-up emotions that he carried within himself. He repeatedly dealt with loss, rejection, and poverty throughout his entire life. When his wife, Virginia, was deat hly ill, Poe wrote his poem, â€Å"The Raven†, in which the reader can observe the speaker slowly fall into madness while grieving the death of his love, similar to Poe’s own experiences. Poe’sRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven And The Black Cat1225 Words   |  5 Pagesthe father of the modern horror story, Edgar Allan Poe was previously viewed as a drunken failure. Within Poe’s writings much of his own life riddled with guilt, anxiety, alcohol, depression and death shines through resulting in works that appear unrelated yet once dissected prove similar. This is true for Poe’s works â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Black Cat†. Poe’s examples of gothic fiction share the use of the color black and a rapid digression of the narrator s sanity while seemingly unveiling Poe’s internal

Marriage Between Marriage And Divorce - 1101 Words

A tradition is a custom or belief that has been passed down through the generations in a culture. Since it has been passed down, its purpose could often be forgotten or it could have been changed from the original. There are countless traditions in every culture around the world. One of these traditions is divorce. Over the years it has become something that occurs no questions asked. However it is not possible to have divorce without marriage. Marriage and divorce are interchangeably connected. For one is the beginning of a committed relationship and the other is the ending of one. Both, marriage and divorce, are still practiced today. Similarly their origins are also connected to the other. To understand divorce, one must first understand where marriage came from. Marriage is another tradition that has been around for as long as anyone can remember. However â€Å"modern divorce patterns date back to 200 years, to the invention of the historically unprecedented idea that marriage s hould be based on love and mutual affection† (Coontz, par. 1). Before that marriage would simply be a transaction or deal between families. A deal that could involve the attainment of a physical matter or to continue the family line. That was the purpose of marriage back then. Mutual affection between people was not uncommon at the time. However most cultures at the time thought of marrying for a fragile and selfish reason like love was irresponsible (Coontz, par. 6). As time carried on theShow MoreRelatedGender Differences From Comparative Optimism1378 Words   |  6 Pagesoptimism for experiencing a happy marriage or avoiding divorce depending if it was optimism or comparative optimism. The articles used four samples using unmarried college students compared it to men and women as the result it indicated that men have a greater comparative optimism than women when it comes to a happy marriage but not when it comes to divorce. Then when it came to personal optimism men also result greater with having a happy marriage and avoiding divorce. The article than examined whetherRead MoreEssay on Divorce: The Separation of the Inseparable952 Words   |  4 PagesLove is the number one reason for marriage, even having Valentine’s Day to celebrate love. Yet Americans for Divorce Reform (ADR) estimate that, â€Å"Probably, 40 or possibly even 50 percent of marriages will end in divorce if current trends continue (Colleen). The ADR also shows the divorce rates between Christians and non-Christians are indistinguishable. Even worse, Christians divorcing their spouses are distorting the Bible in order to justify their actions. Christians must be called to a higherRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On The United States1041 Words   |  5 Pagesof divorce, for many decades, has been a topic that fell into the domain of taboo. In more recent years, society within the united states has brought the topic into the limelight by desensitizing the term. Thus, the divo rce rates in the US have went up. However, a divorce has both positive and negative implications. Also, there have been backlashes against divorce, but there has also been a positive feedback system employed to aid in the process that surround divorce. The partitioning between theRead MoreThe Issue Of Marriage And Divorce1490 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage and divorce has always been a tricky subject for many couples, the fear of rejection, starting a family or hurting their other counterpart can come to play in many situations throughout their relationship. Traditionally marriages were known to be a sacred bond between two individuals. This bond can be between two heterosexuals or two individuals of the same sex. On May 17th, 2004 Massachusetts became the first state to allow all same-sex marriages (Dinno 2013). In Canada same-sex marriagesRead MoreThe As A Ground For Divorce1492 Words   |  6 PagesGROUND FOR DIVORCE Abstract Introduction Marriages are considered to be very pure bonding of a man and a woman. The concept of marriage has evolved for a very long time and no one can deny that it is the most mandatory ceremony that humans need to perform for the growth of human civilization. According to the one of the oldest religion of earth i.e., Hinduism , marriages are a sacred relationship of two opposite sexes. In religious texts of Hindu’s it is even mentioned that the bond of marriages are decidedRead MoreThe Sacred Bond of Divorce. An Analysis of What Marriage Has Become1562 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"soul† that is intertwined with our own. 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I hypothesize that age is an important casual factor in the likelihood of divorce as it is commonly associated with other facets of and individuals life such as experience; income; attitudes toward marriage; level of employment andRead MoreGay Marriage And The Civil Rights Of All American People1162 Words   |  5 Pagesembrace the civil rights of all American people and allowing both hetero- and homo-sexual couples to marry, some states have done quite the opposite and banned same sex marriages and unions. Not all Americans feel so strongly about legalizing same sex marriage. Those against same sex marriage believe marriage has been defined as being between a man and a woman. However, that has not always been true, as explained in the beginning of this paper, the ancient people commonly wed the same gender and them andRead MoreHistory, Laws, And Health Impacts On Marriages And Divorce1687 Words   |  7 Pagesfor marriage. 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The Principle Of Utility, By Jeremy Bentham - 1272 Words

To understand the application of the Greatest Happiness Principle, one must acknowledge that it is the centrality of Utilitarianism. According to J.S. Mill, the Principle of Utility, also known as the Greatest Happiness Principle, is that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. Unlike Jeremy Bentham, the â€Å"father of Utilitarianism† and Mill’s teacher, Mill has a more diverse understanding of human happiness. Mill argues that there are two doctrines included in Utilitarianism- the theory of life and the theory of morality. The theory of life (or the theory of good) specifies the good that we should strive to achieve- that is the presence of pleasure and the absence of pain. The second doctrine, the theory of morality, says that actions are morally right only if they maximize the general happiness. These two doctrines help strengthen Mill’s argument of the complexity of human hap piness, disregarding the generic standards of basic utilitarianism proposed by Jeremy Bentham, and give a more accurate depiction of how Utilitarian calculus should be carried out. Utilitarianism was not only formulated to propose principles to help achieve the maximum happiness of an individual, but also how to calculate the general happiness in a concrete situation with a series of highly concentrated tables. To begin evaluating pleasures in Utilitarian calculus, one would have to consider the following factors:Show MoreRelatedUtilitarianism, By Jeremy Bentham And John Stewart Mill s The Principle Of Utility868 Words   |  4 Pagesmatter in which peoples consequences are cause not by actions. Two of the well-known philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stewart Mill’s understand the principle of utility in their own ways. 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Jeremy Bentham thinks it’s permissible to tell a small lie because in the long run Bentham is looking for the ultimate amount of happiness. Bentham believes in the greatest happiness for the greatest number. As long as an act brings more happiness thanRead MoreExplain Bentham’s Utilitarianism: (30 Marks)843 Words   |  4 Pagesman called Jeremy Bentham had a theory called the ‘Utilitarianism theory’. He was born in London at the time of the great scientific and social change and wrote ‘The Principles of Morals and Legislation’ in 1789. Bentham had the theory that all humans seek pleasure and avoid pain at all costs. Utilitarianism has been described as an act or a rule rather than a theory. We break this down into three parts: -Motivation: Bentham was a hedonists (‘Hedone’ is Greek for ‘pleasure’). 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Entrepreneurship Strategy for Combining Small and Large Group

Question: Discuss about purpose of the current study is to analyse the differences between single-unit franchisees (SUFees) and the Multi-unit franchisees (MUFees)? Answer: Multi-unit franchisees are the franchisees (MUFees), specialized for utilizing more than one franchise within a franchise system. Such system signifies a dominating and a pervasive franchisee ownership structures in different industries. Most of the literature or studies have been developed by concentrating more on single-unit franchisees (SUFees). This is because most SUFees is one of the most popular franchisee structures. The key goals of the article include comparing MUFees and SUFees introspectively concerning to various factors and conditions. Such conditions include (1) Significant factors considered by the franchisees, while purchasing a franchise at the initial moment, (2) justifying how such considerations are changed, while SUFees transformed to Multi-unit franchisees, (3) justifying the ways of characterizing the relationship between SUFees and Multi-unit franchisees with their franchisors concerning to relational constructs. The research data revealed that there are sign ificant distinctions between Multi-unit franchisees and single-unit franchisees concerning purchase motivations and relational sentiments. Most significantly, most of the franchisor prefer utilizing multi-unit franchising. In spite of the fact, single-unit franchisees differentiate their dyadic relationships with relevant franchisors, as additionally relationally related to Multi-unit franchisees counterparts. Concept and Terminology Franchising This is a business model for related owners in sharing common brand name. Parent company mainly allows entrepreneurs for using the strategies of the company as well as trademarks for the same. Franchisee needs to pay fee for support mainly including adverting as well training for the franchising agreement (Dhingra Parker, 2015). Potential revenue is limited for the parent company and earnings in the new store in an overall manner. Franchises help in offering pre-opening support like site selection, financing, and training as well as related grand-opening program. Addition to that, franchises mostly offers ongoing support for training national as well as regional adverting operating procedures (Barringer, 2012). It includes operational assistance, management support as well as increased spending power in the most appropriate way. There is cordial relationship between the suppliers prevailing in the business enterprise. There is less risk and business failure in the franchising model in an overall manner. It is important to understand the fact products and services ensures prior establishment in the market share. There is no need for immediate market testing in the near future (Dada, Watson Kirby, 2015). Multi-unit versus single-unit franchising Single-unit franchising ensures new brand entrepreneur for responding with the business unit. It mainly includes the daily operations of the business enterprise (Beckmann Zeyen, 2014). This franchisee typically ensures territory division for covering units of operations in the most appropriate way. Multi-Unit Franchises helps in creating opportunities for opening one more unit. Multiple units mainly sell reduced rates for various operations units in franchisee partake for understanding the day-to-day activities of the business enterprise (Mariotti Glackin, 2014). Organizational Structure Organization Structure displays the hierarchy of people and related functions. This mainly indicates the character of an organization and believing values in an overall manner (Vallejo, 2015). Organization Structure helps in task allocation, coordination as well as supervision of achieving the organizational aims as well as objectives in the most appropriate way. Relationship Marketing Relationship Marketing helps in maintaining long-term relationship with the customers. It mainly tries for encouraging relationship marketing and fostering on customer loyalty programs in an overall manner. It mainly provides exemplary products as well as services in an overall manner (Dant et al. 2014). It includes advertising practices for focusing on the single transaction. This particular marketing Motivations for Franchise Purchase It is necessary for striving for new goals and motivating for current economic attributes. It is advisable for selecting franchisee opportunity for pursuing own business activities. It helps in tracking the success rate and ensuring strong brand name in an overall manner (Mignonac et al. 2015). It includes training programs and enhancing ongoing operational support in the most appropriate way. It requires essential marketing assistance as well as real estate assistance for carrying future business activities in an overall manner. Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship ensures development of the business and coming with new ideas as well as opinion for the same. Entrepreneurs should possess risk-taking ability in handling the future consequences in the most appropriate way (Mndez, Galindo Sastre, 2014). It mainly turns the ideas into profitability terms for execution of business activities in an overall manner. It includes capacity and willingness for developing, organizing as well as learning new business venture for undertaking risks in the near future. Dependency Theory Dependence Theory mainly includes colonialism as well as neo-colonialism. It helps in continuation for economic dependence on various explorations of related colonial countries in an overall manner. It causes global poverty for development for the wealthy countries like foreign debt as well as foreign trade for the same (Paswan Rajamma, 2016). This particular theory involves issues like more emphasis on the theoretical framework in the most efficient way. Most of the dependency theorist involves international capitalism for forcing motive behind the actual dependency relationships in an overall manner. Historical research mainly ensures contemporary underdevelopment for the related historical product for maintaining economic relations in the metropolitan countries (Gillis, Combs Ketchen, 2014). Relationship Marketing helps in involvement for improving in the internal operations in the near future. Most of the customers stop using products and remain frustrated particularly with the customer service. Business streamlines uses the internal operations for satisfying the needs as well as expectations of the customers and rendering reliable information in an effective way. Analysis Franchising: Franchising is considered a big business in the retailing field such that US holds 3,000 franchises operating over 300 business lines such that the count represents estimation of 901,093 franchise and company owned outlets generating $868 billion in payroll. The data provides an employment of 18 million people with 20 people employed in each franchise and generating a maximum total output of over $2.1 trillion, which equals to extra 10% of the private sector economy of US (Glackin, 2013). However, franchising is one part of the American invention that has been cited as one of the fast growing export based economy in the world. In addition, to the huge growing portion of modern retailing with remarkable public policy represents a mixed and asymmetrical complex behavioral phenomenon with reference to some research context. Multi-unit versus single-unit franchising: Single Unit Franchising in US seeks to compare on the factor considering initial purchase of the franchise system and the initial consideration when single unit changes into multi unit franchise and the relationships between the two (Mishra, 2015). However, if analysed according to statistical analysis, single unit franchise brings inline the importance of franchisor strategy, financial benefits, the higher levels of multi unit franchise in the counterparts accompanied with statistical power and large effect sizes when compared to multi unit franchises. However, when seen on ANOVA, the main effect of classification disappears under the outcome of measures. The determinants of second franchise purchase is based on the prior consideration that large effect sizes are categorized sing Cohens benchmarks of high statistical power. Although, multi unit franchise deem for more freedom and independence by capturing the pervasive effect of the expanding dependence reactions and expecting more respect from the franchisor. However, according to the analysis it can be based on the multi unit franchises rate of dependence lower than that of single unit franchises (Nijmeijer, Fabbricotti Huijsman, 2014). Nevertheless, findings are based on the de facto experience with a more realistic sense of latitude that the franchisors are supposed to accord the franchises. Relational Marketing: The relational strength of the two franchises depicts that out of the two franchises single unit franchise delivers more trust, commitment and relationship satisfaction between the two parties (Bruton, Ketchen Ireland, 2013). In addition, it brings in notice that single unit franchises are more involved in daily operations and multi unit franchise are more restricted in seeking managerial complexities and with the effect of operating in more than one unit. Motivations of franchise purchase Motivations of franchise business are based on the implementation of the investment into starting a business that is primarily difficult to generate in employee. The motivational incentive from the perspective of multi unit franchise is generally based on empowerment, economies of scale, capital availability and risk indifference and entrepreneurial orientation (Iyer et al. 2015). However, after analysis it was brought in consideration that multi unit franchise are more entrepreneurial motivation driven than single unit franchise because it involves more managerial complexities than single unit franchise. One more consideration has been brought through analysis that there is positive association between multi unit franchise and purchase of multiple units for the desirability of intra-firm competition. Entrepreneurship There are core arguments that provide the link between single unit and multiunit franchise and the franchisor experience that closely remain parallel for deriving financial benefits that are analysed to be higher in multi unit franchise and emphasizes the importance of operational experience with longevity and market performance of the firm. However, te amount of suitable entrepreneurs are limited in experience and capital capability that can gain reasonable amount of success via franchising. Moreover, the analysis shows that single unit franchises are presumably more dependent on the franchisors and require more counselling (Croonen, Brand Huizingh, 2014). Single unit franchises are not attractive and experienced that could provide suitable training when compared with multi unit franchises. However, the discussion can be bring light to multi unit franchises that have prior experience in business and assumes to provide a greater role in mentoring for inexperienced and dependent sing le unit franchises by providing with continuous support in management as well as daily operations. Dependence Theory A normal consequence of labour division constructs dependence within distributive arrangements and it absorbs a fundamental responsibility within the channel theory (Neumayer Plmper, 2012). In addition, the Dependence involves various core channel assembles such as conflict, power and satisfaction (Denktas-Sakar Karatas-Cetin, 2012). The most recognizable theoretical reasoning of French and Raven (1959) and Emerson (1962), which hypothesize dependence theory as the power inverse, can trace the linkages behind the core arguments (Voss Brettel, 2014). In terms of dependence theory perspective, single-unit franchisees with a noteworthy amount of investments in the franchise business, personal savings, limited past business experience would be more dependent on the franchisors than the Multi-unit franchisee counterparts (Denktas-Sakar Karatas-Cetin, 2012). Dependence will have an overarching impact on deciding how SUFees and Multi-unit franchisees perceive strategies of the franchiso rs, financial profit and franchisor experience of the franchisors. Multi-unit franchisees are ubiquitous and dominant in many segments of franchising. However, systematic investigations concerning to the differences between MUFees and SUFees are rare (Peterson Philpot, 2013). Even after testing a series of hypotheses on MUFees and SUFees through the implementation of the overarching theoretical framework of dependence theory, the intervening aim of the research was to offer grounded descriptive literature on franchisee. The viability of understanding the dissimilarities between the Multi-unit franchisees and single-unit franchisees are supported by the research data through the lenses of dependence theory (Qian, Ma DMello, 2012). Conclusion From the above analysis, it is easy to gather reliable information on the selected articles. The article includes examination for single unit franchises versus multi unit franchises. It explains the concepts and terminologies for giving broad explanation on the related topic for franchising as well as entrepreneurship. Analysis and findings helps in gathering the facts on the concepts for franchising issues and advantages for the same. The article represents systematic investigation between MUFees and SUFees for bringing the level of confidence. It mainly relates with enhancement of longitudinal data as well as dyadic data. It involves the demographic variables for the past self-employment history in the annual sales turnover in an overall manner. Organizational form mainly focuses on the statistical comparison for the current investigation process in an effective way. Generalisation of findings notes the growing maturity as well as sophistication for the franchising operations in Au stralia. Findings include developed economies and relate cross-national investigation for analysis in the most appropriate way. Reference List Barringer, B. (2012).Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, (2012). Beckmann, M., Zeyen, A. (2014). Franchising as a Strategy for Combining Small and Large Group Advantages (Logics) in Social Entrepreneurship A Hayekian Perspective.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,43(3), 502-522. Bruton, G. D., Ketchen, D. J., Ireland, R. D. (2013). Entrepreneurship as a solution to poverty.Journal of Business Venturing,28(6), 683-689. Croonen, E. P., Brand, M. J., Huizingh, E. K. (2014). To be entrepreneurial, or not to be entrepreneurial? Explaining differences in franchisee entrepreneurial behavior within a franchise system.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1-23. Dada, O., Watson, A., Kirby, D. (2015). Entrepreneurial tendencies in franchising: Evidence from the UK.Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development,22(1), 82-98. Dant, R. P., Weaven, S. K., Baker, B. L., Jeon, H. J. J. (2013). An introspective examination of single-unit versus multi-unit franchisees.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,41(4), 473-496. Denktas-Sakar, G., Karatas-Cetin, C. (2012). Port sustainability and stakeholder management in supply chains: A framework on resource dependence theory.The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics,28(3), 301-319. Dhingra, P., Parker, J. (2015). Franchising Ethnic Entrepreneurship: Immigrant Business Owners and an Alternative Economic Model. InImmigration and Work(pp. 231-252). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Gillis, W. E., Combs, J. G., Ketchen, D. J. (2014). Using Resourceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Based Theory to Help Explain Plural Form Franchising.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,38(3), 449-472. Glackin, C. (2013). Entrepreneurship: Starting and Operating a Small Business, 3e. Iyer, G. R., Grewal, D., Javalgi, R., Radulovich, L. (2015). Franchise Expansion into International Markets: The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Knowledge Resources. InCultural Perspectives in a Global Marketplace(pp. 120-121). Springer International Publishing. Mariotti, S., Glackin, C. (2014).Entrepreneurship and small business management. Pearson Higher Ed. Mndez, M. T., Galindo, M. A., Sastre, M. A. (2014). Franchise, innovation and entrepreneurship.The Service Industries Journal,34(9-10), 843-855. Mignonac, K., Vandenberghe, C., Perrigot, R., El Akremi, A., Herrbach, O. (2015). A Multià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Study Investigation of Outcomes of Franchisees' Affective Commitment to Their Franchise Organization.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,39(3), 461-488. Mishra, C. (2015). Why and When Firms Franchise.Available at SSRN. Neumayer, E., Plmper, T. (2012). Conditional spatial policy dependence theory and model specification.Comparative Political Studies,45(7), 819-849. Nijmeijer, K. J., Fabbricotti, I. N., Huijsman, R. (2014). Making franchising work: a framework based on a systematic review.International Journal of Management Reviews,16(1), 62-83. Paswan, A., Rajamma, R. K. (2016). Franchising, Knowledge Transfer, and Development in Emerging Markets. InThriving in a New World Economy(pp. 20-23). Springer International Publishing. Peterson, C. A., Philpot, J. (2013). The Finance Committee of the Board and Financial Performance: A Resource Dependence Perspective.Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics,10(2), 16. Qian, S., Ma, D., DMello, J. (2012). ENTREPRENEURSOPPORTUNITY DISCOVERY DECISIONS: THE LINK BETWEEN INFORMATIONAL ECONOMICS AND RESOURCE-DEPENDENCE THEORY (INTERACTIVE PAPER).Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research,32(6), 24. Vallejo, J. A. (Ed.). (2015).Immigration and Work(Vol. 27). Emerald Group Publishing. Voss, U., Brettel, M. (2014). The Effectiveness of Management Control in Small Firms: Perspectives from Resource Dependence Theory.Journal of Small Business Management,52(3), 569-587.